Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine Prevention and Therapy Diabetes Mellitus, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China. Electronic address: fangzhaohui1111@163.com. Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine Prevention and Therapy Diabetes Mellitus, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China. Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China. Department of Endocrinology, Shangyu City Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Shangyu 312300, Zhejiang Province, China. Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China. Department of Endocrinology, Wuhu City Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Wuhu 241000, Anhui Province, China. Institute of Chinese Medicine Prevention and Therapy Diabetes Mellitus, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei 230031, Anhui Province, China; The Department of Learning Health Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.